I studied medicine at the University of Helsinki and got my training in neurology at the Helsinki University Central Hospital (HUCH).  After reaching the specialty in neurology in 1981, I spent several years in Central Hospital of Central Finland, ultimately being
the Chair of  the  Clinic of  Neurology there.  During that time, I got my Doctor of Philosophy degree and was nominated for the Associate Professor of Neurology of the Kuopio University as well. Twice, I had an opportunity to visit the U.S. , first  as a Stroke Research Fellow and then  as a Visiting Scholar  at the Bowman Gray School of  Medicine of the Wake Forest University.  Currently, I am living in Espoo and leading the Department of Neurology of Jorvi Hospital, nowadays belonging to HUCH.  I have been an author in several articles on neurological disorders and an investigator in many clinical trials. Recently, I have especially focused on Parkinson’s disease, having completed and on-going studies  on the role of uric acid in Parkinson’s disease.